Review On The Banc One Finance Essay

Audit On The Banc One Finance Essay Banc One was established in 1863 and headquartered in Columbus, Ohio. The bank has amassed a sum of $76.5 billion resources and delivered incomes of $4.3 billion by 1994, being the eighth biggest in the nation. Banc One can be viewed as a three layered association. The principal level controlling five state banks and holding 42 auxiliaries, the second being a local partner gathering and holding 36 auxiliaries lastly ten non-banking associations, fluctuating from protection to information preparing. Its parent organization utilized around 100 laborers, of which 12 were working in the Asset and Liability the executives which will be investigated in this report. (Kusy et al., 1986) How does Banc One deal with its loan fee presentation? In this inquiry it will be important to decide how Banc One fences itself against changes in loan fee levels and what the potential dangers it faces from such changes. As a foreword, it must be gotten that if a bank was to be totally coordinated as far as its advantages and liabilities, at that point any adjustment in the loan costs would have balancing impacts on both the benefit and risk side. Subsequently the bank could never feel the impact of changing loan costs. Be that as it may, in a true circumstance, particularly for a bank this size with its enormous resource and risk portfolio (resources $76.5 billion), it is very difficult to be totally coordinated, by and by this must be endeavored. (Saunders et al., 2006) Before 1980, Banc One apparently was inappropriately estimating its loan fee introduction by attempting to add advantages for its venture portfolio until it was felt that the fixed rate speculations counterbalance the fixed rate liabilities. Just as to this, they were sidestepping long haul speculations, in the conviction that such drawn out ventures will carry trivial dangers to its speculation portfolio. (Esty et al., 1994) By 1980, when the subsequent oil stun hit hard and unpredictability surpassed in the market, Banc One at last comprehended that they need to hold fast to the assignment of estimating their financing cost hazard because of certain ventures carrying misfortunes to the association. Henceforth in 1981, they began estimating their development hole, which assembled the entirety of its advantages and liabilities into classifications, changed in accordance with their repricing-balanced developments (measure of time a financing cost stays fixed on an agreement). The repricing-balanced developments was part (a year) and an estimation of benefits short liabilities inferred to. This was a key figure for the bank to comprehend their net premium edge, for example loan fee got on resources short premium paid on liabilities and in this way profit. This was incredible for the bank to mess with and to see how loan cost changes could influence its income. Nonetheless, an issue was confronted, which was that this assignment was unreasonably tedious, taking a year to deliver a solitary hole the board report which when of distributing would be obsolete. (Esty et al., 1994) Around the same time, Banc One was producing 13% in currency showcase short-medium term ventures, 21% in longer-term protections, for example, city bonds, which had a bigger spread because of no expense acquired. Starting at 1984, Banc One began utilizing resource and risk recreations to improve its expectation for financing cost introduction. By showing the specific resource and obligation portfolios they had the option to assess how loan fee changes would influence their profit. The methodology was that, right off the bat, a purported online monetary record was made that contained the latest data on its benefits and liabilities, for instance key highlights of each agreement, the chief sums, loan costs, development dates and amortization of advantages and liabilities, just as noteworthy data. At last, when the model was finished, they could recreate how a financing cost change would influence its monetary record and income. These forecasts were being run month to month and results helped the bank to make changes to its greatest advantage rate positions. It was later grown further by presenting a programmed framework which would download the entirety of the accessible advances and stores on every client to determine to a superior expectation on the banks introduction to loan fees. What job do subsidiaries play to its greatest advantage rate the board? Banc One has been believed to begin utilizing loan fee trades from the 1980s. A loan fee trade is an understanding between two counterparties in which one gathering trades its fixed installment intrigue stream with the other party for a gliding installment stream that is connected to a financing cost benchmark, as a rule being the LIBOR. From 1983, Banc one started utilizing loan fee trades, the methodology was that first they purchased civil securities and got a 9.5% yield, after which went into a financing cost trade which paid a fixed pace of 7% (LIBOR) and thus got a net situation of LIBOR +2.5%. Be that as it may, utilizing loan cost trades has made a portion of the budgetary information be mutilated, for instance on the off chance that the subordinates were remembered for the monetary record, at that point their edge would have been 1.31% lower and their arrival on resources brought down by 0.2%. After they have begun utilizing financing cost trades, it was seen that they would rely more upon huge transient borrowings, additionally the trade positions influenced the measure of hazard balanced capital they held. The effect was additionally observed on the net intrigue edge, just as the arrival on resources and value. The bank introduced a lot of financials and contrasted these with two twin banks. One, which was actually equivalent to Banc One aside from that it brought its trades onto the asset report by supplanting the notional head of its get fixed trades with interests in fixed-rate protections subsidized by factor rate borrowings. This bank would vary in its bookkeeping execution, reliance on huge liabilities, and capital levels. In the first place, trades improved Banc Ones liquidity. They additionally opened up capital for momentary speculation which gave money when expected to reimburse liabilities, for example, CD pulls back. Second, the shaky sheet bookkeeping of trades expanded ROA and ROE. The get fix rate trades didn't show up as a benefit or an obligation, however were revealed in commentaries to the fiscal summaries. However gains and misfortunes would at present be set on the pay proclamation. In the event that the bank were to utilize a customary support, purchasing a fixed rate security and selling a drifting rate security both would show up on the accounting report: the net outcome being to bring down conventional benefit measures. At long last, the worry over gathering the base capital prerequisites was found as trades didn't utilize a lot of capital. They began utilizing trades rather than regular fixed-rate speculations. trades were appealing speculations that brought down the banks presentation to developments in loan fees. Rather than putting resources into medium-term U.S. Treasury commitments, it could essentially go into a medium-term get fixed trade and put its cash into transient drifting rate money counterparts. Loan fee trade in which it paid a drifting pace of premium and got a fixed rate consequently this would expand a banks fixed-rate inflows and lessen its occasional skimming rate inflows The second would put resources into skimming rate credits and ventures (rather than fixed-rate speculations) and in gliding rate resources financed by coasting rate stores (rather than trades). This bank didn't deal with its financing cost affectability. introduction to financing cost hazard is dictated by recreating the effect of the forthcoming changes in loan costs in the aftereffects of tasks. The board tries to safeguard that over a one year time span, net gain will to be affected by in excess of 4 percent and 9 percent by a steady change in showcase loan fees of 1 percent and 2 percent, individually. The central Investment Officer didn't comprehend why everybody was troubled about trades which was a speculation which brought down the banks introduction to developments in loan costs and in 1993, they held an In 1993, a gathering occurred after the $10 drop in Banc Ones stock cost. Banc one didn't comprehend why everybody was condemning their utilization of subordinates (trades). A considerable lot of the financial specialists and market players didn't generally see how to utilize trades and imagined this was a hazardous speculation, anyway Banc One got a handle on this venture style and was utilizing it for their own potential benefit in their advantage and obligation the board. The bank was confronted with three choices. To start with, not to do anything and expectation that offer cost will recuperate after some time as financial specialists would understood that subordinates were helping the bank oversee loan cost and premise hazard. Second, they could lessen their subordinate position. Thirdly, they could endeavor to teach speculators about the utilization of subordinates by demonstrating a greater amount of their positions. None of these three is the thing that Banc One chose, what they did was make a budgetary synopsis and introduced it to the market introduced on the following slide. Trades as opposed to putting resources into medium term US treasury commitments it would go into a medium term get fixed trade and put its cash into transient drifting rate money counterparts. (along these lines they improved liquidity with stable chief qualities; additionally trades are wobbly sheet exchanges for get fixed trade thusly banks return on resources would be exaggerated; likewise trades decrease the measure of capital expected to meet administrative prerequisites) For what reason is Banc One obligation touchy? During the 1980s Banc One apparently was resource touchy which was generally to do with its obtaining plan, where their gained portfolio arrived at in excess of 75 banks which were all high resource delicate banks. Resource affectability is the name given to a position where the store (obligation) is fixed, while the advance (resource) may be evolving. During the 90s, this has changed and the bank appeared to have turned risk touchy because of the utilization of financing cost trades in which a skimming rate was paid and a fixed rate consequently wa

Functional Areas of a Business

Useful Areas of a Business Presentation Managers assume a critical job towards supporting the exhibition of their associations. They make organizations effective through proceeded with the executives and portion of authoritative assets. They attempt each administrative practice in their associations to accomplish the focused on objectives.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Functional Areas of a Business explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Robbins and Coulter (2012, p. 64), â€Å"managers manage and arrange the exercises of their representatives so as to achieve the focused on authoritative goals†. Administrators ought to consistently be prepared to address the difficulties and issues influencing their organizations. Directors have numerous obligations and jobs relying upon the nature and objectives of their associations. This paper breaks down the jobs of a director inside each useful territory of an association. The Role of a Manager inside the Functional Areas of a Business Managers have a task to carry out in each useful territory of their individual organizations. Such jobs are basic towards understanding each business objective. One of these utilitarian territories is the Human Resource (HR). The HR office â€Å"handles various exercises, for example, recruiting representatives, terminating laborers, and guaranteeing each individual follows the company’s policies† (Feldman Khademian, 2007, p. 308). Administrators ought to give the best initiative and authoritative ideas to their HR divisions. They ought to likewise support and tutor each HR chief. Administrators likewise utilize this utilitarian zone to â€Å"take the best disciplinary measures and offer remunerations for various activities† (Kraut, Pedigo, McKenna, and Dunnette, 2005, p. 124). Business supervisors present the best administration rehearses in their associations. Administration is a basic viewpoint since it makes each worker effective. Admini strators use â€Å"various hypothetical ideas to manage the contentions and difficulties experienced by their employees† (Kraut et al., 2005, p. 125). Directors ought to likewise be prepared to prepare and guide their workers. Some â€Å"managers will recruit, train, and bolster new workers so as to remain productive† (Robbins Coulter, 2012, p. 64). Such jobs are basic towards the presentation of each HR department.Advertising Looking for paper on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Accounting is another significant useful zone in an association. This â€Å"functional region manages the examining, observing, and upkeep of each budgetary part of an organization† (Robbins Coulter, 2012, p. 83). A few organizations detail new bookkeeping units so as to accomplish their objectives. Such units â€Å"include administrative and monetary bookkeeping departments† (Feldman Khademian, 2 007, p. 312). Money related bookkeeping â€Å"focuses on the assessment and formation of budgetary reports such accounting reports and pay statements† (Kraut et al., 2005, p. 125). Supervisors ought to consistently look at pay explanation and asset report before settling on the best business choices. Supervisors likewise screen the jobs and objectives of each bookkeeper. Supervisors utilize the best authority rehearses so as to engage their workers. Directors ought to likewise make suitable budgetary designations for future consumptions and undertakings. Such jobs will be basic towards improving the degree of business execution. Chiefs ought to likewise utilize the best systems to back the elements of their associations. Another â€Å"important practical territory in numerous organizations is economics† (Feldman Khademian, 2007, p. 319). This utilitarian region underpins the best exercises so as to help the organization’s execution. A portion of the exercises in corporate â€Å"distribution, creation, utilization, and advertising of administrations and products† (Feldman Khademian, 2007, p. 319). This useful region is significant on the grounds that it changes crude materials into attractive items. This office likewise examines the appropriation of administrations and items inside various firms. Directors have an enormous task to carry out in this practical zone. Supervisors ought to break down the changing business sector slants so as to boost items. Financial matters is likewise a significant useful zone since it assists supervisors with recognizing new markets and associations (Kraut et al., 2005). Directors ought to likewise combine diverse practical zones so as to settle on the best business choices. The methodology will make their organizations beneficial. Administrators should guide each worker inside this practical zone. The training will be essential towards improving the degree of business execution and profitability.Advert ising We will compose a custom paper test on Functional Areas of a Business explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research and Statistics (RS) is another significant utilitarian zone in numerous organizations. This division gathers and deciphers so as to settle on the best speculation choices. Directors â€Å"should utilize these information to make proper advertising, creation, and special decisions† (Feldman Khademian, 2007, p. 319). Chiefs ought to liaise with people in the division to comprehend the present and future business desires. Business pioneers and directors utilize such data to help the best authoritative practices. Supervisors ought to â€Å"identify the practices that can bolster or adjust in their businesses’ future practices† (Feldman Khademian, 2007, p. 319). Such administrative practices will assume a basic job towards the exhibition of the focused on firm. Tasks Management (OM) is a vital capacity in each effective associati on. This division utilizes measurable devices to decipher each hierarchical information. Administrators should utilize such understandings to analyze the exhibition of their organizations. Such practices will control these chiefs all through their dynamic procedures. This utilitarian zone decides the exhibition of each division in an association. Directors ought to empower each worker in this division. Business associations can't accomplish their benefits without dealing with their advertising units in a legitimate way. These utilitarian territories center around the necessities and desires for each focused on client. This office utilizes the best showcasing and special procedures to draw in more shoppers. The principle objective of this office is â€Å"to guarantee each shopper is happy† (Robbins Coulter, 2012, p. 74). The practical territory ought to consistently endeavor to address the necessities of its customers. Chiefs â€Å"should enable their showcasing supervisors a nd organizers to grasp the best business practices† (Kraut et al., 2005, p. 128). Chiefs can get helpful information from this division so as to make the best promoting decisions.Advertising Searching for paper on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Directors have an obligation to guide, train, and bolster their advertisers. Such practices will guarantee each association tends to the changing desires its buyers. Directors can utilize the gathered data to make solid brands. Key arranging decides the accomplishment of a business firm. This practical region manages the plans and exercises that help the objectives of an association. Supervisors ought to â€Å"use their execution and vital arranging offices to start new hierarchical policies† (Kraut et al., 2005, p. 124). Supervisors ought to likewise utilize their aptitudes to unite various offices. This training will expand the degree of cooperation and association. The methodology plays a significant towards making each firm effective. Supervisors have consistently utilized vital arranging and tasks the executives (OM) to help the elements of their particular firms. End The above conversation clarifies how every chief assumes a basic job towards the achievement of their ass ociation. Chiefs ought to spur their representatives in each practical zone. This conversation likewise clarifies why â€Å"companies ought to set up various practical territories relying upon their size, objectives, and accessible resources† (Robbins Coulter, 2012, p. 103). The accomplishment of numerous each firm relies upon the dedication and execution of its supervisor. Associations need a devoted director so as to help the exercises of each utilitarian region. Reference List Feldman, M., Khademian, A. (2007). The Role of the Public Manager in Inclusion: Creating Communities of Participation. Administration: An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions, 20(2), 305-324. Kraut, A., Pedigo, P., McKenna, D., Dunnette, M. (2005). The job of the director: What’s extremely significant in various administration occupations. Foundation of Management Executive, 19(4), 122-129. Robbins, S., Coulter, M. (2012). The board. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc.

Feature Highlight EasyBib Title Page Maker

Feature Highlight EasyBib Title Page Maker (0) Have you ever struggled with formatting the title page for your paper? Are you unsure of what types of information you should include? is here to help! With the EasyBib Title Page Maker, you can create a title page in MLA format, APA format, or Chicago/Turabian citation styles simply by filling out a few information fields. With this tool, it’ll only take you minutes to make your title page. Here’s how to access and use the Title Page Maker: Go to easybib.com. Open the menu in the upper left corner and select “Title Page Maker.” Fill out the form shown. Click “Create Title Page” when you’re done and does the rest! Note: Be sure to use the capitalization rules that are set by the citation style you choose. For example, in an APA citation, only the first principle word and proper nouns are capitalized. Try out the Title Page Maker by clicking on this link: http://titlepage.easybib.com/

General Description Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

General Description Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, SLE, is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs when the body’s immune system attacks its own tissue and organs. Inflammation can affect many different body systems including joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart, and lungs. Lupus can be difficult to diagnose because the signs and symptoms, and a physical examination lead to a diagnosis. A facial rash across both cheeks resembling wings of butterfly is the most distinctive sign of lupus that occurs in many but not all cases. There is no cure for lupus and only treatments that can help control symptoms. Pathophysiology The inflammation caused by lupus can affect many areas of the body. It can cause serious kidney damage and†¦show more content†¦The bone most commonly affected is the hip. Women with lupus have an increased risk of having a miscarriage. The risk of high blood pressure known as preeclampsia during pregnancy and preterm birth increases with lupus. Doctors recommend delaying pregnancy until the disease has been under control for at least six months to reduce these complications. Lupus results from a combination of genetics and environment. Inherited predisposition may develop the disease after contact with triggers. The cause for most cases is unknown. Potential triggers include sunlight, infections, and medications. Sun exposure may bring on lupus skin lesions or trigger an internal response. An infection can initiate lupus or cause a relapse in some people. Certain types of anti-seizure medications, blood pressure medications and antibiotics can trigger lupus. The symptoms o f those with drug-induced lupus will go away once they stop taking the medication. Lupus is more common in women, African-Americans, Hispanics, and Asians and most often diagnosed between the ages of 15 and 40. Symptoms Blood and urine tests combined with signs and symptoms and a physical examination lead to a diagnosis. The most distinctive sign of lupus that occurs in many but not all cases is a facial rash across both cheeks resembling the wings of a butterfly. The most common signs and symptoms include: fatigue and fever,Show MoreRelatedPodiatry Rhuematoid Arthritis8124 Words   |  33 Pagesdiagnosis techniques, pharmacological management, physical therapeutics and surgical treatment interventions. I shall explore the expected prognosis and the key developments we can expect in the future. Aetiology and Prevalence RA is a chronic, systemic and inflammatory disease that progressively impacts peripheral joints (Panayi 2011).The damage that occurs is predominantly symmetrical and polyarthropathic (Rindfleisch Muller 2005). It affects the host’s joint synovial membranes, tendon sheathsRead MoreHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 Pagesshortness of breath. Physical findings include bilateral crackles, a third heart sound (S3), distended neck veins, elevated blood pressure, and pitting edema of the ankles. The nurse documents the severity of pitting edema as +1. What is the best description of this type of edema? A. Barely detectable depression when the thumb is released from the swollen area; normal foot and leg contours. B. Detectable depression of less than 5 mm when the thumb is released from the swollen area; normal foot and legRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 Pagesstatements Financial statements of GlaxoSmithKline plc prepared under UK GAAP 102 103 104 109 188 Shareholder information Quarterly trend Five year record Product development pipeline Share price and dividends Nature of trading market Annual General Meeting Investor relations and Registrar Taxation information for shareholders Glossary of terms Index 192 200 203 207 208 208 208 210 211 212 Underlying sales growth excludes pandemic products, Avandia and Valtrex. See page 21. CER% represents

Essay on Fathers of the Military - 776 Words

In the military they prepare their men to be the best they can be for the obstacles they might face when being deployed, or any other orders they might receive. But no one prepared them for being separated from their loved ones. Almost half the men who are deployed and serving our country are married and a little less than half are married and half children (insert citation-demographics chart).So what does it mean for these men? Does it make them a bad parent because they are deployed, or does it just mean they don’t get to be involved in their child’s life in the typical fashion such as seeing them every day, asking them how their day was, missing holidays and birthdays and the big moments in their children’s lives and so on. Within a†¦show more content†¦While children that are older sometimes rebel or feel betrayed and act out due to the news. (Parenting cycle development) The father has been deployed and said his goodbyes now it’s time for the real separation issues to begin. 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In order to have a fruitful discussionRead MoreThe Death Of Marshal De Saxe956 Words   |  4 PagesMarshal De Saxe was born in Goslar, Germany in 1696 and was immediately thrusted into nobility shortly thereafter. This nobility allowed him to be exposed to the military lifestyle of his time at a very young age, which would be a major contributor to his future success. He would eventually serve under and study with such greats as Alexander the Great and then be hired to serve in the French Army. This would lead him to earn the title of â€Å"Marshal-General of the Kings camps and armies† while serving

Kent state Nutrition programme Free Essays

Honors equivalents shall satisfy the Kent Core. None of the courses on the Kent Core list may be taken with a pass/fail grade. Visit www. We will write a custom essay sample on Kent state Nutrition programme or any similar topic only for you Order Now Kent. Deed/catalog/Kent-core for course list. Diversity Course Requirement Students must complete a two-course diversity requirement, consisting of one with a domestic (U. S. ) focus and one with a global focus. One course must come from the Kent Core. The second course may be taken as a second Kent Core, within a major or minor, or as a general elective; or, with dean’s approval, by completing one semester of study in another country. Visit www. Kent. Deed/catalog/diversity for course list. Writing-Intensive Course Requirement Students must complete a one-course writing-intensive requirement in their major and earn minimum C (2. 00) grade. Visit www. Kent. Deed/catalog/wick for course list. Experiential Learning Requirement To provide students with direct engagement in learning experiences that promote academic relevance, meaning and an understanding of real-world issues, students must complete this requirement at Kent State, either as a for-credit course or as a non-credit, non-course experience approved by the appropriate faculty member. Visit www. Kent. Deed/catalog/leer for course list. Upper-Division Requirement Students must complete a minimum 39 upper-division (numbered 30000 to 49999) credit hours of coursework. Programs in the College of Arts and Sciences require a minimum of 42 hours of upper-division coursework. How to cite Kent state Nutrition programme, Papers

Dorothy Dandridge free essay sample

This paper reflects Dorothy Dandridge the first African American actress to achieve a leading-role status. Mrs. Dandridge also had a deeply troubled life, marked by the scars of a miserable childhood, a string of failed personal relationships, numerous career setbacks, and ongoing struggles with drug and alcohol abuse. Racism was also one of the demons with which she had to deal with. The terms race, ethnicity and culture have no generally agreed upon definitions. There’s a growing interest in the dealings between race, ethnicity and culture and perhaps as a result of the psychiatric and psychological studies are being conducted to identify a possible link between mental disorders, personality and moral development (Fenton). One must remember all the changes that mark our lives make up a process called development, which is the series of age-related changes that happen over the course of a life span. Many factors influence development, including genes, parental upbringing, parents educational and economic backgrounds, and life experiences. Even historical events over which one has no control can influence our development. Many forms of behavior can be better understood if one recognizes them as merely variations of basic human nature and personality. Because of this, it is necessary to have a general theory of human nature, personality and behavior before one try to examine any specific variation. Dorothy Dandridge responded very strongly to the emotional tone and atmosphere around her, and can be dominated by her fluctuating and unpredictable moods. Dandridge often appears irrational to others because she could not always explain the reason or source of her feelings. Her feelings and emotions were something of a mystery . It was often difficult for her to share what she was feeling with others. She frequently withdrawal from the world and needed a healing, peaceful environment in order to blossom and come out of her own world. Dorothy Dandridge was a woman ruined by disastrous attempts to overcome racial barriers in movies and in her personal life, She successfully manage a prominent career and its successive fortunes, endure heartache and disappointment to one day find true love and security, and to overcome her own internal, self-destructive tendencies. Many people do not realize that depression is a disease, it’s a real medical disorder where changes occur in the brain, and they have medicine that helps correct these imbalances. Depression has been described as a whole-body illness because it doesn’t only affect the person’s mood but can affect every aspect of a person’s life. Depression is an illness not a state of mind or a weakness. Dandridge often believe she must do something or be something other than what she is in order to receive approval and acceptance from others. She was very sensitive to criticism and often felt left out or neglected, and though appeared cool or distant, Dandridge actually cared very much about being included. Dorothy Dandridge the little girl who would grow up to be one of her eras most beautiful women, and one of the most famous African American actress in the 20th century. Dorothy came into the world at the heart of a heated domestic discord that in its own quiet unstated way would trouble and haunt her for the next forty years. Even before she was born, Dorothy Dandridge was at the center of a domestic storm. Her mother Ruby, whom was an actress; was a strong-willed and outspoken woman whom left her husband Cyril Dandridge when she was five months pregnant with Dorothy. As a woman always searching for answers, Dorothy would often wonder how different it all might have turned out had she grownup with the father whom she had never really known. Dorothy wonder what direction her life might have taken had her mother Ruby never ventured to Cleveland and stayed instead on the wide plains of Kansas (nytimes). Through the mist of all the turmoil Dorothy married Harold Nicholas. The youngest brother in the famous Nicholas Brothers act in 1942. After Dorothy found out the hard way Harold was not an ideal husband. Harold carried on affairs with other women and did not spend a lot of time at home. In 1943 Dorothy gave birth to a daughter named Harolyn. Dorothy soon discovered that her daughter had brain damage and eventually had to put her in someone elses care. As Dorothy film career and marriage failed, Dandridge began drinking heavily and taking antidepressants. Dandridge soon suffered a nervous breakdown. On September 8, 1965, she was found dead in her Hollywood home, an apparent suicide from a drug overdose of the antidepressant Tofranil in 1965. One might say growing up in a domestic abuse family, and being raised by a single mother. You will probably end up doing exactly what you see your mother do. I guess you can say like mother like daughter. Dorothy life mirrored her mother. Ruby her mother was an actress and she left her husband. Dorothy did the same thing. She ended her life by committing suicide. African-American women have a triple jeopardy status, which places them at risk for developing depression (Boykin, 1985; Carrington, 1980; Taylor, 1992). One whom live in a majority-dominated society that frequently devalues our ethnicity, culture, and gender. In addition, one may find themselves at the lower spectrum of the American political and economic continuum. Often one is involved in multiple roles as one attempt to survive economically and advance ourselves, and our families through mainstream society. All these factors intensify the amount of stress within lives, which can wear down one’s self-esteem, social support systems, and health.

Content Area Literacyâ€Word Sorts Essay Example

Content Area Literacy–Word Sorts Essay Content Area Literacy–Word Sorts Name: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Content Area Literacy–Word Sorts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Content Area Literacy–Word Sorts specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Content Area Literacy–Word Sorts specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Content Area Literacy–Word Sorts Part A: Focus statement: The development of words sorts is aimed at providing students with an avenue for understanding unfamiliar terms this through the classification of terms with identical features into logical arrangements. The words sorts to be developed are for geometry in mathematics and are aimed at providing the students in grade 8 with an understanding of the topic through the introduction of the basic terms used in the topic (Manzo, Manzo, Estes, 2001). Part B: Critical Thinking Response: The selected words were based on their constant use in geometry lessons, in classroom settings. These words are widely used in majority of conversations in geometrical lessons. In addition, they are primary words used in geometry. Hence, providing students with an understanding of such words would enhance their interests and ability to understand the lesson. Additionally, the identified terms are usually considered as problematic by a majority of students, which inhibits their interests and comprehension in the classroom during teaching (Manzo, Manzo, Estes, 2001). These words are used widely in geometry; hence, providing students with an initial understanding or overview of the meaning of such words would increase their interests and participation in the lesson within the classroom setting. Shapes Calculation TermsPyramidCircumferenceCubeBisectorParallelogramCongruentRhombusVolumeVerticesAreaConeDiameterHexagonRadius Categories: The words are divided into two categories. The first category is set out for shapes learnt in the geometric lesson whereas the next group is made up of terms used in the calculation of sizes and areas of objects and shapes. The two categories are related in that the terms used in the calculation of sizes of the various shapes. Enabling students to make individual inferences about relationships between the terms for shapes and calculation methods is essential to ensure high interests in learning (Manzo, Manzo, Estes, 2001). Reasons for Word Placement: The words are categorized for easy identification by the students, and for them to identify existent relationships between any terms used in calculations of various shapes that are also categorized in the word sort diagram. Classification into two categories is done to provide students with an opportunity to use individual ideas as to the presence of relationships between shape and methods for calculating sizes (Manzo, Manzo, Estes, 2001). Critical thinking supportive Response: The development of words sorts in mathematics is aimed at providing students with an avenue for understanding unfamiliar terms. This is achieved through the classification of terms with identical features into logical arrangements. All the terms are separated into two distinct categories for establishing a relationship with other elements in the next group of terms. Enhancing student interest and participation is essential for ensuring that the students are able to understand the terms beforehand (Manzo, Manzo, Estes, 2001). This is a strategy for ensuring that an encounter with the identified terms by some students is relatively easy. Furthermore, this would provide students with the ability to engage in complex tasks using the identified terms. The word sort also provides the students with the ability to relate some approaches with the various shapes in the first category. Moreover, the classification as provided is essential to enable the students to make independent effort to relate the methodological terms with the identified terms for geometric shapes. Reference Manzo, A. V., Manzo, U. C., Estes, T. H. (2001). Content area literacy: Interactive teaching for active learning. New York: Wiley.

Embargo on Cuba essays

Embargo on Cuba essays 1959 was the date when a Cuban militant trained by the United States, took control of Cuba. His name was Fidel Castro, and he declared Cuba to be a Marxist-Leninist state, which is another term for a communist state(C.P.F. 1). He issued anti-American policies which included the expropriation of Americans property in Cuba, and becoming allies with the Soviet Union(C.P.F. 1). In October of 1960, an Embargo on Cuba was issued by President Eisenhower. In 1961, the Americans lead an assault known as The Bay of Pigs to assassinate Castro from power, which turned out to be one of Americas biggest failures in history. In 1963, President John F. Kennedy made it illegal for Americans to travel to Cuba. The Cuban Assets Control Regulations were brought in to affect on July 8, 1963 under the Trading With the Enemy Act( U.D.O.T. 1). This was put in to affect to deprive Cuba from any U.S. Dollars. These events that took place over four years led to years of turmoil between the U.S. and Cuba. Is it right to put these economic sanctions on Cuba? We are just hurting the people when we do this; but then again, if we do take the sanctions off, we are approving of Castros form of government. According to President George W. Bush, every dollar that we give to Cuba just goes to help line Castros pocket(W.F. 2). Cubas main source of income is from tourism. The people of Cuba could not survive without it. Before the embargo, America was Cubas biggest financial support in tourism. The embargo has lead to starvation, and a poor quality of life for most Cubans. One of the American governments supports is that when visitors go there, they are kept in tourist areas they never get to see what really goes on. That is completely false. Tourists get to stay wherever they would like. There are hotels all over Cuba to choose from. If America ends the embargo, will Cuba stay in this poverty forever, or is it C...

Public Employees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public Employees - Essay Example This essay discusses the benefits of the patronage system versus the merit system for public employee. First, the patronage system refers to a system where public employees are hired or dismissed based on the support of an individual candidate or the political system. When a candidate belonging to a certain political party wins an election, they have the right to appoint a given number of individuals into public positions (Farazmand, 2007). This is the real meaning of the patronage system that is commonly referred to as the spoils system. The appointment of these individuals is based on political support rather than merit as the appointment criteria. Although the patronage system exists across the various levels in the US government, the number of positions offered through this system has reduced drastically since the 1880s. In fact, the system existed in the US until 1883 with the enactment of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883. In 1820, congress set a limit of the federal administrators to four years and this lead to an increase in the public employees’ turnover (Dautrich and Yalof, 2013). By the 1860s, the patronage system and the civil war had led to increased corruption and widespread inefficiency in the public service and had spread to low rank government positions. There are numerous benefits associated with the patronage or spoilers system. To start with, the system helps put in place a well-organized political system that rewards campaign workers. The system also puts individuals who agree with the political agenda in power thus promotion cooperation, trust and loyalty within the public service. The system ensures continuous turnover and this brings new individuals and ideas into the system. This system was replaced by the Merit system when the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 was enacted (Dautrich and Yalof, 2013). The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 specified that public jobs

CQ Rescue Organizations Campaign Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

CQ Rescue Organizations Campaign - Assignment Example The purpose of these tactics is to introduce to the potential sponsors, the role CQ Rescue is playing in saving precious lives as well as provoking their interest in mutual ventures like the promotion of their businesses by offering them enhanced exposure in return for their financial contributions to CQ Rescue. This plan also contains a detail of the expected budget; the expenses shown in the budget are further split into two months i.e. July 2014 & August 2014 to provide an idea of the anticipated expenses for the months during which the campaign is intended to last. The campaign will start on 1st July 2014 and end on 31st August 2014. To gain an idea of the success of the organization’s developed plan, certain vital parameters are selected to measure the success or failure effectively. It is hoped that the implementation of this plan will bring forth additional funding for the organization to make possible the assistance of people who need emergency transport services in ti mes of need. RACQ CQ Rescue is a community helicopter rescue service with an operating base in Mackay on the Central Queensland Coast of Australia. It aims to provide vital medical care to seriously injured patients in Mackay and often critically ill patients who need urgent transport from this region to Townsville. The staffs of CQ Rescue consist of four pilots, four aircrewmen and two rescue crewmen. RACQ CQ Rescue and Queensland Ambulance Service work together to provide an Intensive Care Paramedic being made available to fly with the RACQ CQ Rescue crew 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. As a Community Helicopter Provider, RACQ CQ Rescue relies heavily on the community to provide funding for operational purposes. These funds are sourced from sponsorships, business donations, workplace giving programs, annual appeals, bequests, and fundraising events. At this point in time, CQ Rescue is facing difficulties in acquiring sufficient funding for its operational purposes.  Ã‚  

Level of VEGF in Chronic Nephropathy Models

Level of VEGF in Chronic Nephropathy Models The number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and requiring renal replacement therapy are increasing worldwide. In India, the age-adjusted incidence rate of ESRD is estimated to be 229 per million population (pmp), and >100,000 new patients enter renal replacement programs annually (1). Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of ESRD development among other disorders predisposing to ESRD. The costs of DN are significantly higher than those from other diabetic complications because the patients are subjected to haemodialysis programs and renal transplant when failure occurs. Thus, the burden of DN on public health is enormous (2). The current therapy for patients with renal injury includes glycemic control by antidiabetic medications. Blockage of renin angiotensin system (RAS) is the most commonly practiced way of controlling blood pressure in DN. However, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin recep tor blockers moderately slow the rate of progression but do not arrest or reverse the progression of disease. Moreover, RAS blockade is usually initiated only after DN manifests itself clinically with persistent proteinuria in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. But despite knowledge of the devastating effects of these complications and the involved costs to patients, to date, there is still no method that is sufficiently sensitive and accurate for subclinical diagnoses of diabetic nephropathy. The pathomechanisms leading to these changes are not yet clearly understood and therefore, therapeutic approaches for relief of this disease are scarce or do not permit a favorable pharmacological intervention. Angiogenesis the development of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones is involved in physiological events and in pathological disorders including cancer, proliferative retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and neointimal formation. Angiogenesis is controlled by the balance between proangiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Experimental studies have demonstrated the involvement of an imbalance of angiogenesis-related factors in the progression of CKD and the potential therapeutic effects of modulating these factors have been identified (3, 4). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, a potent pro-angiogenic factor, is involved in the development of the kidney, and also plays an important role in maintaining the glomerular capillary structure and in the repair process following injuries of glomerular endothelial cells and peritubular capillaries (5-7). It is constitutively expressed in podocytes, proximal tubular cells and medullary thick ascending limb cells in the ju xtamedullary region of the normal kidney. Evidence is emerging that VEGF plays a critical role in maintaining renal homeostasis (8, 9). Altered (increased or decreased) expression of VEGF leads to glomerular dysfunction and proteinuria (3, 10-15). It has been demonstrated that VEGF administration has a beneficial effect in both acute and chronic nondiabetic renal disease. In the remnant kidney model and cyclosporine nephropathy, decreased VEGF expression was observed. These observations were correlated with renal dysfunction and capillary loss. VEGF administration was found to reverse the renal dysfunction in these models (4, 16, 17). In contrast, both circulating and local VEGF levels are high in diabetes. In diabetic nephropathy , the increases in the number of glomerular capillaries and in the glomerular levels of VEGF-A and its receptor VEGFR-2 are observed (3, 18). The role of abnormal angiogenesis induced by VEGF has been implicated in diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephrop athy associated with progression of disease and the excessive VEGF has been shown to have a role in mediating glomerular hypertrophy (3). The precise mechanism is unclear for contradictory status of VEGF-A in diabetic and non diabetic kidney disease. So, in the present study we decided to investigate the level of VEGF in two different chronic nephropathy models; one was diabetes induced chronic nephropathy and the other was non diabetic nephropathy. VEGF and NO interaction has been explained as one of the regulating mechanism in causing paradoxical effects of VEGF by Takahiko Nakagawa et al.; 2007. The author explained the dark side and the bright side of VEGF effects. VEGF normally stimulates endothelial nitric oxide (NO) release and acts in coordination with elevated NO levels as a trophic factor for vascular endothelium. The increased NO derived from the endothelial cell acts as an inhibitory factor that prevents excess endothelial cell proliferation, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and macrophage infiltration. Normally, an elevation in VEGF expression should result in elevated endothelial NO levels, since VEGF increases both endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression and NO release from endothelial cells. However, in diabetes, despite high levels of VEGF, endothelial NO levels are low. The authors have summarized several mechanisms to explain the low endothelial NO bioavailability. First, glucose can scavenge NO. Second, t here is an impairment of eNOS activation. A third mechanism could be oxidative stress, which quenches NO to form peroxynitrite. Fourth, the formation of advanced glycation products in diabetes may also result in the consumption of endothelial NO. Fifth, both asymmetric dimethyl arginine and uric acid are commonly elevated in diabetes and can reduce endothelial NO bioavailability. Finally, NO may bind to glycosylated deoxyhemoglobin. Thus in diabetic settings high levels of VEGF, in absence of NO; lead to excessive endothelial cell proliferation, stimulation of macrophage chemotaxis, and vascular smooth muscle cell activation resulting in vascular injury (19, 20). Based on these observations we decided to investigate level of NO, in addition to VEGF; in two different chronic nephropathy models. The therapeutic effects of anti-VEGF-A strategies and anti-angiogenic factors in diabetic nephropathy have been reported (21). The beneficial effects of administration of VEGF in non diabetic CKD have been reported (17). The contrasting effects of VEGF in non-diabetic and diabetic kidney disease prompted us to review factors modulating VEGF expression in CKD. Hypoxia and certain cytokines are major regulators of VEGF expression (22-29). Physiological adaptation to hypoxia is an area of intense investigation. Adenosine is a critical mediator during ischemia and hypoxia and contributes to diseases as diverse as inflammation and carcinogenesis (30). Inhibition of adenosine kinase and the dephosphorylation of ATP and AMP by surface apyrases (e.g., CD39) and ecto-5’ nucleotidase (CD73), respectively, represent the major pathways of extracellular adenosine liberation during oxygen supply imbalances. Once liberated in the extracellular space, adenosine is either recycled (e.g., throu gh dipyridamole-sensitive carriers) or interacts with cell surface Adenosine Receptors (ARs). Presently, four subtypes of G protein-coupled ARs exist, designated A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. They are classified according to utilization of pertussis toxin sensitive pathways (A1 and A3) or adenylate cyclase (A2A and A2B). The A2BAR have been recently much investigated for their role on renal functions. A2BAR have been reported to inhibit PDGF induced growth of mesangial cells ,they also protect the kidney from ischemia (31, 32). A2BAR have also been reported to inhibit inflammation, so it is remained to be determined which type of A2AR are involved in inflammation associated with diabetic nephropathy. A2B receptors have a lower affinity compared with other subtypes and require higher concentrations of adenosine for their stimulation and such high levels can be reached during hypoxia, ischemia, inflammation, and injury. A2BAR regulate various pathological processes, including mast cell activation, vasodilatation, inhibition of cardiac fibroblast and vascular smooth muscle growth, stimulation of endothelial cell (EC) growth, and angiogenesis (8,9,10,11,12). The functional aspects of ARs responses may be determined by surface expression profiles. Microarray analyses of cDNA derived from endothelial cells subjected to various periods of hypoxia revealed significant changes in the ARs profile, wherein the prominent phenotypic change favored A2BAR expression, with concomitant down regulation of A1AR and A3AR(2). As chronic state of nephropathy also involve hypoxic intra renal environment (33), we decided to find the expression of A2BAR in two different models of chronic nephropathy. The most potent stimuli for VEGF production is hypoxia as stated above. The evidence of line also suggests the hyperglycemic state of diabetes to be hypoxic. Particularly, it has been demonstrated that in a mouse podocytes cell line the expression of VEGF increases under exposition to high D-glucose concentrations. At present however, it is not clear how glomerular VEGF production is unregulated in response to diabetes or high glucose concentration (13). Ex vivo exposure of rat kidney glomeruli to adenosine leads to an increase in VEGF content. Activation of A2BAR subtypes augments expression and releases VEGF beyond basal levels in rat glomeruli. Additionally, the status of VEGF and NO axis in non diabetic nephropathy is not well investigated. Based on these observations we decided to investigate the effects of A2BAR modulators on VEGF and NO in chronic diabetic nephropathy. Reconstitution of endothelial NO synthesis and/or its availability in glomeruli of diabetic nephropathy anima l models via the A2BAR modulation, remains an interesting matter. We thus hypothesize that differential expression of VEGF in diabetic and non-diabetic kidney diseases is mediated by A2BAR. The expression of A2B receptor is disease specific. Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressive agent with definite efficacy to prevent organ allograft rejection. However, CsA causes significant nephrotoxicity that might contribute to long-term kidney graft loss (34). Acute CsA nephrotoxicity is characterized by renal vasoconstriction, which is dose-related and reversible with dose reduction. In contrast, chronic CsA nephrotoxicity may be progressive and irreversible, the histological lesion of which includes tubular atrophy, afferent arteriolar hyalinosis. We resolved to investigate the mechanisms of cyclosporine induced nephropathy as non diabetic chronic nephropathy model in present study. A line of evidence has demonstrated reduction in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide (NO) in CsA nephropathy(35, 36). VEGF is an endothelial cell mitogen that increases angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Endogenous VEGF has a relevant role in the renal tubular defense against CsA toxicity. Blockade of the VEGF by ÃŽ ±-VEGF results in intensification of the tubular injury the CsA nephropathy(37). The occurrence of both in-vivo and in-vitro effects of VEGF blockade provides evidence of a direct protective effect of VEGF on the tubular cell. Numerous studies have reported a important role of NO in regulation of the effects of VEGF on angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and blood pressure regulation (38, 39). A2BAR have been known to mediate NO release in various pathological settings (40, 41). In the late phase of CsA nephropathy, nitric oxide synthase activation is reduced (42). However, it is necessary to determine whether or not A2BAR agonist induces VEGF in chronic CsA nephropathy. Previous in vitro studies using vascular smooth muscle cells as well as macrophages suggest administration of A2BAR agonists results in increased VEGF expression, potentially stimulating angiogenesis. Accordingly, it was hypothesized that A2BAR agonists induce expression of key angiogenic factors such as VEGF in CsA induced chronic nephropathy. Such an increase in renal VEGF expression by A2BAR activators may initiate the angiogenic response at the site of renal injury. Hence present study was designed to investigate the effects of A2BAR modulators on VEGF expression and NO levels in kidneys of chronic CsA induced nephropathy.

Gone with the Wind Essay

â€Å"Gone with the Wind† is an adaptation of an historical romance. The film, set in Civil War-era southern United States, tends to be highly sentimental. Paradoxically, the circumstances in which it is set are often harrowing and serve to highlight the bravery required to survive during that time. The â€Å"frothiness† of the plot is in stark contrast to the utter seriousness of its context. The film opens in the antebellum South, on a Georgia plantation where the heroine entertains two gentlemen callers. The talk is of imminent war, a theme which guests carry through the subsequent picnic. Talk then turns to action and the men depart to enlist in the Confederate Army. Confidence and jubilation quickly become disappointment which gives way to horror as the realities of war intrude upon the genteel tableau. Under assault, the Southerners struggle to keep their society together in the face of poverty, filth, and chaos. We see the major historical points of the period, especially Sherman’s march through Georgia and the burning of Atlanta, a scorched earth policy. The women are the main characters in the film. In the effects of war and its aftermath we see destitution, famine, terror, desperation. The wounded are legion and supplies dwindle and disappear. The war ends and the soldiers come home to regroup. Carpetbaggers descend and begin an uneasy alliance with enterprising individuals, notably Scarlett. She casts aside honor to regain prosperity, marrying for money and using her combination of feminine wiles and shrewdness to rise above abject poverty. Finally she marries Rhett, a selfish opportunist like her. At the end he realizes that she will never love him and leaves Scarlett with that which has sustained her; an abiding love for Tara. This narrative is history seen from the women’s perspective. They are alternately brave, childish, and childlike, treading on the line between what they are and what they must be. They do it for the men of the South, themselves, and for the South itself. The depiction of the war and the events surrounding it is largely consistent with the historical record. The factual portions of the film are in part accurate. For instance, at a benefit supporting the war, the ladies are asked to relinquish their jewelry. Such a depiction is consistent with the account in â€Å"The American Civil War† by Peter J. Parish and it highlights one of the sacrifices women made during this time. George A. Trenholm, who replaced Secretary of the Confederate Treasury Memminger, asked for these concessions as the finances of the South became particularly desperate. This detail concerns one of the points at which â€Å"Gone With the Wind† succeeds as history. â€Å"†¦wealthy female slaveholders escaped significant disruption in their lives at the outset of the war, for they had money to maintain their antebellum lifestyle and the slaves to maintain plantation production. † (Frank 514) Thus the sheltered experience depicted in the film is wholly consistent with rich women’s lives until the last stages of the period. In opposition, several events as depicted in â€Å"Gone with the Wind† are inaccurate. At the end and after the war, black people did not leap to the aid of their former masters as the film asserts. The character Mammy would have sought paid employment rather than stay on a ruined plantation. In reality, the vast majority of the planters used violence to subjugate their â€Å"property. † In one scene, the character Ashley Wilkes chides Scarlett for treating the convict workers in her lumber mill cruelly in supposed contrast with their treatment of the slaves. It is true that in the darkest days for the South they did choose to prevail upon the Negroes to fight for their own oppression. â€Å"There was no greater irony in all the efforts of the Confederacy to find adequate means to match its ambitious goals than the proposal to arm Negroes. † (Parish 561) But the slaves did not fight for the South as much for a newfound and cherished liberty, greater than they had ever known. And once they had tasted that liberty, they did not willingly acquiesce in the imposition of a terrible, unjust burden. The importance of the Civil War and its aftermath can hardly be overstated. The struggle has been the only armed conflict fought on our territory. It consumed nearly 500,000 lives, the largest wartime death toll in American history. It also was a first step in remedying the shame of slavery which Americans had perpetrated in a country which largely had been the realization of a vision of freedom and equality. They fought with not only the political reality of the South’s secession of 1861, but with the region’s separate psychology. â€Å"By 1860 the South was a state of mind as well as a place on the map. A definition of ‘Southernness’ was and is at least as much a task for the psychologist as for the geographer. † (Parish 303) This enduring mindset notwithstanding, had the South won, not only would the crime of slavery have been continued, it is doubtful that the U. S. would have grown into the superpower it is today. The war determined that an integral part of the union would remain. The significance of the war for the world at large in the mid-nineteenth century â€Å"†¦belongs in part to the realm of might-have-beens; its long-term consequences derived less from what did happen from what did not. † (Parish 381) Among the events that very well might have happened were interference from foreign governments, international recognition of the Confederacy, and the widening of this internecine war into a general conflagration abroad. Such luck for the union was due to the relative isolation the U. S. has enjoyed throughout its history. Americans fought their war amid constant threats from abroad. â€Å"There was nothing inevitable about the fact that it remained a domestic†¦affair. It remained a purely American affair through a combination of good fortune and great skill on the part of those who wished to keep it so, gross errors on the part of those who did not, and canny calculations of national and self-interest on the part of those who might have been caught in its toils. † (Parish 381) Although some continue to fight this war in their minds, they benefit from over 200 years of federal association and its attendant largess. As I stated earlier, with regard to the historical accuracy of the film as document, it is a women’s narrative. Though there was no Scarlett O’Hara per se, the things we see her experience and perpetrate on others is consistent with the accounts of those who actually lived in that time and place. The threat of starvation was indeed present in all households in the later stages. â€Å"Domestic production and ingenuity staved off a state of crisis for slaveholding women for a while, but, by the end of the war starvation and material deprivation shook even the most affluent households. † (Frank 515) When Scarlett was forced to hide her wagon under a bridge with three highly vulnerable people in it while Northern soldiers passed overhead, she was surviving a circumstance familiar to many Southern women. â€Å"†¦many faced the hazards of living in the path of the Union army. Those who resided near the battlefront risked having their property commandeered, stolen, or destroyed by Northern soldiers. (Frank 515) Such dangers were in addition to the threat, both potential and realized, of bodily violation. Scarlett valiantly, not to say desperately, defends herself and her loved ones against a looting Union soldier when she shoots him in the face. It is an act not uncommon to those willing and able to defend themselves. The depiction of slave and ex-slave loyalty is highly romanticized to say the least. â€Å"Gone with the Wind† depicts Negroes as possessing a childlike innocence. They seem to be a rich vein of merriment instead of the human beings upon which the horrors of bondage had been visited. Nowhere do we see slavery’s pain and degradation. The black characters in the film are even more a caricature than even the heroine is at times. The film’s tendency toward opaque sentiment at first glance is a terrible injustice to a period quite painful to the American psyche be it black or white, Northern or Southern. Certainly the film is nowhere near the caliber of slave narratives, Ken Burns’ â€Å"the Civil War†, or â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin. † However, it is important as hitherto all-too-often neglected genre of women’s history. Seldom in mainstream culture is the women’s perspective represented so faithfully. And equally seldom is it given the attention and resources devoted to this film. It is simply not taken seriously enough and shunted off into women’s studies classes rather than included in the mainstream of scholarship. Valuable though they are, the women’s studies classes or gender studies courses tend to attract the favor of those predisposed to appreciate them. â€Å"Gone With the Wind†, for a long while a staple of popular culture, has reached a much wider audience. In many ways this movie is indeed an historical romance, ladies’ fiction. However it is also a significant historical document. Many more people have learned about the Civil War from the women’s point of view by means of viewing this film than from any other source. This fact, in addition to its inclusion of important data, renders it deserving of attention and respect. For instance, it highlights the worthlessness of the Confederate currency, a situation which underscores the sheer lack of administrative competence displayed in the South at all stages of the war. Not only did the Confederates fight the North, they also had to contend with the inherent weaknesses of their fledgling nation, as they sought to envision it. Many things weakened â€Å"The Cause†, most notably slavery’s lack of long-term viability as an economic model. The South was heavily invested in a system which had no hope of succeeding beyond a few years. To a great extent, the Confederacy fell under its own weight, much to the past and continuing chagrin if its champions and much to the edification of the nation of which it is a part as well as humankind in general. If only the proof of that assertion would not have required the death of so many and the maiming of still more. Bibliography Frank, Lisa Tendrich. Women in the American Civil War Vol. II. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, Inc. , 2008 Parish, Peter J. American Civil War, the. New York: Holmes and Meier, 1975.

Nonverbal Communication and Service Users

Be able to meet the communication and language needs, wishes and preferences of individuals 1. Find out an individual’s communication and language needs, wishes and preferences. 2. Demonstrate communication methods that meet an individual’s communication needs, wishes and preferences. 3. Show how and when to seek advice about communication. It is always important to find out about each individual’s particular communication and language needs, wishes and preferences.Effective communication happens when the right method is used to send a message, so it can be received and understood. Health and social care practitioners need to know about a range of communication methods. They should also be skilled at identifying the communication and language needs, wishes and preferences of the people with whom they work and interact. Health and social care settings are used by people from a diverse range of backgrounds who will want to communicate in different ways.Finding out about each individual’s language needs, wishes and preferences is an important part of my role. I can do this by: †¢asking people whether they or their relatives have particular language or communication needs †¢reading reports and notes about service users that provide information on speech and language issues, learning difficulties, disabilities (e. g. hearing or visual impairment) or physical conditions (e. g. troke, cleft palate) that may affect their ability to communicate †¢being aware that an individual’s culture, ethnicity and nationality may affect their language preferences and needs †¢observing the people who use my setting to see how they use their communication and language skills †¢asking my supervisor/mentor, senior staff and specialist professionals such as speech and language therapists, occupational therapists and social workers for information, advice and support about how best to communicate with adults who have special comm unication needs.Hearing impaired people Make sure that my face can be seen clearly,face the light and the person I am speaking to at all times, speak clearly and slowly – repeat and rephrase if necessary, minimise background noise,use my eyes, facial expressions and gestures to communicate, where appropriate, do not be tempted to shout into a person’s ear or hearing aid. Visually impaired people Speak in the same way as I would to a sighted person – not louder or more slowly! say who I am in my greeting as my voice won’t necessarily be recognised even if I have met the person before, always introduce other people who are with me and explain what is going on if a visually impaired adult joins me in a group, let the visually impaired person know when I am about to do something that is likely to affect communication (such as leave the room or move away), end conversations clearly and let the person know that I amleaving – do not just walk away, ask th e person if they need any particular help – to sit down or to move about, for example – but do not assume that this is always necessary or wanted.Health and social care practitioners use two main types of communication as part of their work roles. These are verbal and non-verbal communication. Verbal communication is based on the use of words. Health and social care practitioners need effective verbal skills to: ? obtain information from colleagues, service users and others who use the setting ? respond to questions ?contribute to team meetings ?give feedback and report observations about service users ? provide support to service users, relatives and colleagues ? eal with problems and complaints ?write notes and reports Non-verbal communication occurs when a person uses their body, behaviour and appearance to communicate with others. For example, an individual’s body language may tell a health or social care practitioner that they are uncomfortable or need to g o to the toilet even when they say they’re okay. Non-verbal communicationWhat does it involve? Examples Eye contactLooking another person directly in the eyesShort or broken eye contact can express nervousness, shyness or mistrust.Long unbroken eye contact can express interest, attraction or hostility. Touch Physically touching or holding a personHolding someone’s hand Placing a hand on a person’s arm or shoulder to reassure them Physical gesturesDeliberate movements of the hands to express meaningThumbs-up gesture to show agreement or pleasure Shaking a fist to show anger or aggression Body language Facial expressionMovements of the face that express a person’s feelingsSmiling FrowningProximityThe physical closeness between people during interactionsBeing very close may be reassuring and may be seen as accepting the person. It might also make the person feel uncomfortable and threatened. People need less personal space (increased proximity) when they hav e a close, trusting relationship. To be an effective communicator in my work setting, I need to be able to use methods of communication that meet each individual’s needs, wishes and preferences. My goal is always to ensure that the messages I send can be received and understood.Perhaps I will be aware that I am struggling to communicate effectively with somebody. In situations like these, I should seek advice and obtain support. I can do this by: ?talking to my supervisor, mentor or line manager about the difficulty – ask for their advice about how to deal with the problem ? talking to communication or language support specialists (teachers, psychologists or speech and language therapists) who work at or spend time in my work setting.

Summary Of My Antonia - 2373 Words

My à ntonia Quotes â€Å"There in the shelter draw-bottom the wind did not blow very hard, but I could hear it singing its humming tune up on a level, and I could see the tall grasses wave.†pg. 14 This quote tells readers how even small things such as the soft blow of the wind can cause many things to happen, such as the humming of the wind and the grass’s movements.It also symbolizes how the world is at peace right now. The tone of this quote is in a describing manner by the details they provide in this quote. These all contribute to helping the reader understand the scene in Jim’s point of view. â€Å"Perhaps we feel like that when we die and become part of something entire, whether it is sun and air, or goodness and knowledge. At any rate, that is happiness; to be dissolved into something complete and great. When it comes to one, it comes as naturally as sleep.†pg. 14 This is a theme in this story telling us how real happiness lies with something greater such as knowledge rather than stuff bought. The tone of this quote is very serious to help the reader understand what he is talking about. â€Å"This is reality, whether you like it or not. All those frivolities of summer, the light and shadow, the living mask of green that trembled over everything, they were lies, and this is what was underneath. This is truth.† pg. 112 This quotes tone is very straightforward and it serves as a theme showing how some things are not real. The way this quote is written helps tells the reader that thisShow MoreRelatedSummary Of My Antonia Written By Willa Cather1006 Words    |  5 Pageshistorical drama of My Antonia written by Willa Cather, describes a special bond between Jim and Antonia. 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